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/ Sci-Tech.co.uk / Home Page / The Big Bang Essay / Page 4

An Essay on The Big Bang

By Anonymous. Page 4.

In the future, the universe may end up in one of two possible situations. From the initial Big Bang, the universe attained a speed of expansion. If that speed is greater than the universe's own "escape velocity", then the universe will not stop in it's expansion. Such a universe is said to be open.

If the velocity of expansion is slower than the "escape velocity", the universe will eventually reach the limit of its outward thrust, just like a ball thrown in the air comes to the top of its arc, slows, stops, and starts to fall. In the case of the Universe, the fall will be when gravity overcomes the cosmological expansion and the large structure in the universe reverse direction and accelerate towards each other. The crash at the end of this may well be the Big Bang at the beginning of another universe, as the fireball formed at the end of the contraction leaps outward in another great expansion.6 Such a universe is called closed (or pulsating.)

If the universe has achieved escape velocity, it will continue to expand forever. The stars will redden and die, the universe will be like a limitless empty haze, expanding infinitely into the darkness. This space will become even emptier, as the fundamental particles of matter age, and decay through time. As the years stretch on into infinity, nothing will remain. A few primitive atoms such as positrons and electrons will be orbiting each other at distances of hundreds of astronomical units.7 These particles will spiral slowly toward each other until touching, and they will vanish in the last flash of light.

Having said all this, the Big Bang model is only an assumption. No one knows for sure that exactly how the universe began and how it will end. However, the Big Bang model is the most logical and reasonable theory to explain the universe in modern science.

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Endnotes

1. Dinah L. Mache, Astronomy, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1987. p. 128.

2. Ibid., p. 130.

3. Joseph Silk, The Big Bang, New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1989. p. 60.

4. Terry Holt, The Universe Next Door, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1985. p. 326.

5. Ibid., p. 327.

6. Charles J. Caes, Cosmology, The Search For The Order Of The Universe, USA: Tab Books Inc., 1986. p. 72.

7. John Gribbin, In Search Of The Big Bang, New York: Bantam Books, 1986. p. 273.

Bibliography

Boslough, John. Stephen Hawking's Universe. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980.

Caes, J. Charles. Cosmology, The Search For The Order Of The Universe. USA: Tab Books Inc., 1986.

Gribbin, John. In Search Of The Big Bang. New York: Bantam Books, 1986.

Holt, Terry. The Universe Next Door. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1985.

Kaufmann, J. William III. Astronomy: The Structure Of The Universe. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1977.

Mache, L. Dinah. Astronomy. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1987.

Silk, Joseph. The Big Bang. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1989.